When time and funding permit, each flower (each plant species) will have its own page, and its own PDF, and eventually its own PPT so that professors and students have plenty of material on Guatemala (and Honduras, etc) to study.

Heliconia adflexa, Coban, Guatemala, Hotel Monja Blanca, FLAAR, by Nicholas Hellmuth

Florifundia
This space is for flowers
we have recently found and photographed.

Reports by FLAAR Mesoamerica
on Flora & Fauna of Parque Nacional Yaxha Nakum Naranjo
Peten, Guatemala, Central America

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A to Z index of utilitarian plants and sacred flowers of web site www.maya-ethnobotany.org

If you find a page on www.maya-ethnobotany.org which is not in this index (or which ought to be indexed also under an additional concept), please let us know, e-mail This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

 

 
 

alt Acacia, Acacia farnesiana

alt Acacia, edible wild native plants of the Maya

alt Aechmea bromeliifolia

alt Achiote, Bixa orellana

alt Aguacate, Persea sp.

alt Ají, Capsicum, Chile, chili, Pimiento

alt Algodón Silvestre, Cochlospermum vitifolium

alt Algodoncillo, Ceiba aesculifolia

alt Allspice, Pimienta dioica

alt Anacardium occidentale L. Cashew (marañon)

alt Anón, anona, Annona squamosa, Chirimoya, Saramuyo, Sugar apple

alt Anona, Annona purpurea

alt Anona colorada, Annona reticulata

alt Anona rosada, Annona reticulata

alt Aromatherapy, Magnolia, but species native to Guatemala and Mexico and Honduras

alt Arracho, Montriacardia arborescens, pica pica

alt Apak palm, Brahea dulcis, Palma real, palma dulce, palma soyate

alt Attalea cohune, Corozo

alt Auritum, hoja santa

alt Avocado Hass

alt Avocado, Persea sp.

alt Ayale, Crescentia cujete

 

 
 

alt Bactris sp., Palms of Mesoamerica, Sabal sp.

alt Bakelac, Hueso de Tortuga, Ixbakelac, Laetia thamnia, Zapote amarillo

alt Balsa, Guano, Jopi, Ochroma pyramidale

alt Basket palm, Bayal, Desmoncus orthacanthos, Liana palm

alt Bec, Ehretia tinifolia, Mandimbo, Palo prieto

alt Bee rut, Cissus gossypiifolia, Uva

alt Bejuco, Aristolochia

alt Bejuco Colorado, chameleon vine, flame vine, flor de fuego, peineto, punto

alt Bernoullia flammea, mapola, or amapola

alt Biotopo Chocón Machacas, Izabal, Livingston, Natural Rerserve

alt Bixa orellana

alt Bibliographies on Mayan Flora in Central America

altBlack orchid, Prosthechea cochleata

alt Blepharidium guatemalense, irayol blanco, family Rubiaceae

alt Bourreria huanita

alt Bombacaceae, Bernoullia flammea, now subfamily Bombacoideae

alt Brahea dulcis Apak palm, Palma real, palma dulce, palma soyate

altClamshell orchid, Prosthechea cochleata

alt Bullet tree, Bucida buceras

alt Bullock’s heart Annona reticulata

alt Bursera simaruba, Palo jiote

alt Buttercup tree, Cochlospermum vitifolium

alt Byrsonima crassifolia, Nance tree

 
 

alt Cacao, chocolate, pataxte, Theobroma bicolor

alt Cacao, cocoa, chocolate, chile as flavoring among the Maya (and potentially among the Aztec).

alt Cacao, cocoa, chocolate, consulting, especially on Theobroma bicolor, but also Theobroma angustifolium

alt Cacao, cocoa, chocolate flavorings, vanilla

alt Cacao flavoring, magnolia

alt Cacao silvestre, cacao de montaña, cacao de mono, and potentially cacao de mico; Theobroma angustifolium

alt Caiba, Parmentiera aculeata

alt Calabash, Crescentia cujete

alt Calliandra, general introduction

alt Camedor, Chamaedorea spp., Cola de pescado, Palmilla, Tepejilote jade, Xate

alt Cana indica, leaves as wrap for tamale

alt Canak

alt Canastilla, Aristolochia

alt Candelillo, Senna spectabilis

alt Capsicum,, Chile, chili, Ají, Pimiento

alt Capote de monte, Hoja Elegante, Marac, Xanthosoma robustum

alt Caracus wigandia, Ortiga de tierra caliente, Wigandia caracasana, Wigandia urens

alt Carnaval, Senna spectabilis

alt Cashew (marañon)

alt Cashew tree, Anacardium occidentale

alt Cassia grandis, bucut

alt Castilla elastica, hule, latex, rubber tree

alt Catopsis berteroniana, Pata de gallo

alt Catuche, Annona muricata

alt Ceiba, Ceiba aesculifolia

alt Ceiba, Ceiba pentandra

alt Cestrum nocturnum, Dama de la noche, Huele de noche, Jazmín de la noche

alt Chameleon vine, Bejuco Colorado, flame vine, flor de fuego, peineto, punto

alt Chayote, Güisquil

alt Chepíl, Chipilín, Chop, Crotalaria longirostrata

alt Chichicaste, Chichicaste grandis

alt Chile Chocolate (Capsicum annuum var accuminatum)

alt Chilli, or chile, as flavoring for chocolate.

alt Chincuya, Annona purpurea

alt Chipilín, Chepíl, Chop, Crotalaria longirostrata

alt Chirimoya, Anón, anona, Annona squamosa, Saramuyo, Sugar apple

alt Chocolate, see cacao (which is the correct botanical name; cocoa is a misinterpretation
(misunderstanding) from several centuries ago.

alt Chop, Chepíl, Chipilín, Crotalaria longirostrata

alt Chupetio, Falso hibisco, Malvaviscus arboreus

alt Cirián, Crescentia alata

alt Cirián, Crescentia cujete

alt Cissus gossypiifolia, Bee rut, Uva

altCoccoloba belizensis Standl, Uva silvestre

alt Coclospermum vitifolium, Tecomasuche

alt Cojoba sp., Cojoba arborea

altColoc, local name for Talisia floresii, family Sapindaceae

altColoc, Guaya campechiana, Talisia floresii, Toloc

alt Consulting services available to cacao, cocoa, chocolate, candy companies, worldwide, from an Olmec, Teotihuacan, Maya, and Aztec perspective.

alt Contrahierba, Dorstenia contrajerva, Snakewort

alt Coronillo, Bellucia costaricensis

alt Corozo, Attalea cohune

alt Costex, Coxte, Greenheart, Guayabillo, Mabí, Snakebark

alt Costilla de Adán, Monstera deliciosa

alt Cotoperis, Cotopriz, Guayo, Guaya, Melicoccus oliviformis, Talpajocote, Talisia olivaeformis, Uruguaye

alt Cotopriz, Cotoperis, Guayo, Guaya, Melicoccus oliviformis, Talpajocote, Talisia olivaeformis, Uruguaye

alt Cotton tree, Cochlospermum vitifolium

alt Coxluto, Parmentiera aculeata

alt Crescentia alata, Crescentia cujete

alt Crotalaria longirostrata, Chepíl, Chipilín, Chop

alt Cryosophila stauracantha, Escoba, escobo, Guano de escoba, Palo de escoba

alt Cuajilote, Parmentiera aculeata

alt Cuchamper, Gonobolus sp

alt Cuchampera, Gonobolus sp

alt Custard apple, Annona reticulata

alt Cymbopetalum penduliflorum

 
 

alt Dahlia plants and flowers

alt Dama de la noche, Cestrum nocturnum, Huele de noche, Jazmín de la noche

alt Desmoncus orthacanthos, Basket palm, Bayal, Liana palm

alt Differences, Haematoxylum campechianum, Haematoxylum brasiletto

alt Digital photography reviews, 400mm

alt Dorstenia contrajerva, Contrahierba, Snakewort

alt Dutchman's Pipe, Aristolochia elegans

 

 
 

alt Edible plants of the Maya

alt Ehretia tinifolia, Bec, Mandimbo, Palo prieto

alt Escoba, escobo, Cryosophila stauracantha, Guano de escoba, Palo de escoba

alt Estrella, Bellucia costaricensis

alt Estrella de fuego, Epidendrum radicans

alt Estrellita del cielo, Senecio confusus

alt Erythrina berteroana, Palo de Pito

alt Extrafloral nectaries, Hibiscus pernambucensis, mucilage

 
 

altFalso hibisco, Chupetio, Malvaviscus arboreus, Turk’s cap

alt Filodendro, Monstera deliciosa

alt FIL, flora, fauna

alt Fire star, Epidendrum radicans

alt Flame vine, flor de fuego, Bejuco Colorado, chameleon vine, peineto, punto

alt Flor de Calico, Aristolochia elegans

alt Flor de Muerto

alt Flor de Sangre, Asclepias curassavica

altFlowers that bloom at night, Solandra maxima

alt Food of the Maya, Bernoullia flammea, edible seeds

alt Foods of the Maya, fruits, Talisia floresii, family Sapindaceae, local name is Coloc

 

 
 

alt Garden for research on plants of Guatemala

alt Giant granadilla, Passiflora quadrangularis

alt Gliricidia sepium, Madre cacao, matarratón

alt Golondrina, Senecio confusus

alt Guaco, Aristolochia

alt Guinda, Solanum sisymbriifolium

alt Granada

alt Greenheart, Guayabillo, Costex, Coxte, Mabí, Snakebark

alt Guanaba, Annona muricata

alt Guanábana, Annona muricata

alt Guano, Balsa, Jopi, Ochroma pyramidale

alt Guano de escoba, Cryosophila stauracantha, Escoba, escobo, Palo de escoba

altGuaya campechiana, Coloc, Talisia floresii, Toloc

alt Guaya, Cotoperis, Cotopriz, Guayo, Melicoccus oliviformis, Talpajocote, Talisia olivaeformis, Uruguaye

alt Guayo, Cotoperis, Cotopriz, Guaya, Melicoccus oliviformis, Talpajocote, Talisia olivaeformis, Uruguaye

alt Guazuma ulmifolia

alt Guava, Guayaba, Psidium guajava, a medicinal plant

 
 

alt Haematoxylum campechianum, Haematoxylum brasiletto

alt Haematoxylum campechianum, Haematoxylum brasiletto, differences

alt Haematoxylum campechianum, logwood, palo de Campeche flower

altHabernaria orchid genus, bibliography

alt Hibiscus pernambucensis, Extrafloral nectaries, mucilage

altHiguerón, Ficus

altHuele de noche, Cestrum nocturnum, Dama de la noche, Jazmín de la noche

alt Hueso de Tortuga, Bakelac, Ixbakelac, Laetia thamnia, Zapote amarillo

alt Huizache, Acacia farnesiana

altHule, Castilla elastica, latex, rubber tree

alt Hura polyandra

 

 
 

 alt Irayol blanco, Blepharidium guatemalense, family Rubiaceae

alt Ixbakelac, Bakelac, Laetia thamnia, Zapote amarillo

alt Izabal, Biotopo Chocón Machacas, Livingston, Natural Rerserve

 
 

altJazmín de la noche, Cestrum nocturnum, Dama de la noche, Huele de noche

alt Jícara, Crescentia alata

alt Jícara, Crescentia cujete

alt Jícaro, Crescentia alata

alt Jícaro, Crescentia cujete

alt Jopi, Balsa, Guano, Ochroma pyramidale

 

 
 

alt kapok, Ceiba pentandra

 

 
 

alt Lacmellea standleyi, lechemiel, milk tree, prickly vaca, vaca tree

alt Laetia thamnia, Bakelac, Hueso de Tortuga, Ixbakelac, Zapote amarillo

alt Lago de izabal, Río Dulce

alt Lagunita Creek, Rio Sarstun, Tapon Creek

alt Lauraceae gender, Avocado

alt Látex, Castilla elastica, hule, rubber tree

alt Lechuguilla azul de oriente, Agave pachycentra

alt Leucaena leucocephala

alt Liana palm, Basket palm, Bayal, Desmoncus orthacanthos

alt Lichen moss, Líquen de barba, Oak lichen, Usnea sp.

alt Lemoy, Malmea depressa, Sufricay, suprecayo, yaya

alt Litchi tomato, Solanum sisymbriifolium

alt Logwood, Haematoxylum campechianum, palo de tinto, palo de Campeche

alt Logwood, palo de Campeche flower, palo de tinto, Haematoxylum campechianum

alt Lupuna, Ceiba pentandra

 

 

 
 

alt Mabí, Costex, Coxte, Greenheart, Guayabillo, Snakebark

alt Macroclinium bicolor

alt Maculís, Matilisguate, Palo de rosa, Roble, Tabebuia rosea

alt Madre cacao, matarratón, Gliricidia sepium

alt Magnolia, medicinal and flavoring for cacao

alt Magnolia quetzal, using Nikon

alt Maguey blanco de oriente, Agave vivipara

alt Maguey blanco o Barcena, Agave lagunae

alt Maguey chuipach, Agave thomasiae

alt Maguey de malá, Agave hurteri

alt Maguey del Quiché, Agave tecta

alt Malmea depressa, Lemoy, Sufricay, suprecayo, yaya

alt Mandimbo, Bec, Ehretia tinifolia, Palo prieto

alt Mangle rojo, mangrove, Rhizophora mangle, Tabasco

alt Manzanita tropical, Bellucia costaricensis

alt Mapola, or amapola, Bernoullia flammea

alt Marac, Hoja Elegante, Capote de monte, Xanthosoma robustum

alt Maracuya, Passiflora quadrangularis

alt Marañón, Anacardium occidentale

alt Marañón, Cashew

alt Marigold Flower, Flor de Muerto

altMatapalo, Ficus

alt Medicinal plant, Guava, Guayaba, Psidium guajava

alt Medicinal plants

alt Medicinal plants, List

alt Medicinal plants, Magnolia

alt Medicinal, magnolia flavoring for cacao is also medicinal

alt Melicoccus oliviformis, Cotoperis, Cotopriz, Guayo, Guaya, Talpajocote, Talisia olivaeformis, Uruguaye

alt Mexican calabash, Crescentia alata

alt Mexican calabash, Crescentia cujete

alt Milk tree, Lacmellea standleyi, lechemiel, prickly vaca, vaca tree

alt Mexican flamevine, Senecio confusus

alt Milkweed, Asclepias curassavical

alt Mimosa pigra, Mimosa pudica, Petén

alt Monja blanca, Lycaste virginalisvar. Alba

alt Montriacardia arborescens, Arracho pica pica

alt Morro, Crescentia alata

alt Morro, Crescentia cujete

alt Mucilage, Hibiscus pernambucensis, extrafloral nectaries

alt Mucuteno, Senna spectabilis

 
 

alt Nance tree

alt Nanchi, Crescentia alata

alt Nanchi, Crescentia cujete

altNatural Rerserve Biotopo Chocón Machacas, Livingston, Izabal

alt Níspero,Bellucia costaricensis

 
 

alt Oak lichen, Lichen moss, Líquen de barba, Usnea sp.

alt Ochroma pyramidale, Balsa, Guano, Jopi

alt Olivo negro,Bucida buceras

alt Orchids, vanilla orchid

altOrquídea negra, Prosthechea cochleata

alt Ortiga de tierra caliente, Caracus wigandia, Wigandia caracasana, Wigandia urens

 

 
 

alt Pacaya palm, Chamaedorea tepejilote

alt Pachira aquatica

alt Palma real , palma dulce, palma soyate, Apak palm, Brahea dulcis

alt Palmilla, Camedor, Chamaedorea spp., Cola de pescado, Tepejilote jade, Xate

alt Palms of Mesoamerica, Bactris sp., Sabal sp.

alt Palo de Pito Flowers

alt Palo de Campeche, logwood, Haematoxylum campechianum, palo de tinto

alt Palo de Campeche flower, palo de tinto, Haematoxylum campechianum

alt Palo de escoba, Cryosophila stauracantha, Escoba, escobo, Guano de escoba

alt Palo de rosa, Maculís, Matilisguate, Roble, Tabebuia rosea

alt Palo jiote

alt Palo Prieto, Bec, Ehretia tinifolia, Mandimbo

alt Palta, Persea sp.

alt Pan caliente, Chichicaste grandis

alt Introduction to Papaya

altPapaturro, Coccoloba belizensis Standl., Uva Silvestre

alt Passiflora quadrangularis , giant granadilla, maracuya, Badea

alt Passion flowers and fruits, Passiflora

alt Pata de gallo, Catopsis berteroniana

alt Pataxte, Theobroma bicolor, a species which also produces cocoa for chocolate

alt Peineto, punto, Bejuco Colorado, chameleon vine, flame vine, flor de fuego

alt Pelican flower, Aristolochia elegans

alt Pepino de árbol, Parmentiera aculeata

alt Persea gender, Avocado

alt Photo Exhibit, Pachira aquatica

alt Pica pica, Arracho, Montriacardia arborescens

alt Pigra, Mimosa Pudica, Petén

alt Pimiento, Ají, Capsicum,, Chile, chili

alt Pimienta de Jamaica, Pimienta dioica

alt Pimienta dulce, Pimienta dioica

alt Pimienta gorda, Pimienta dioica

alt Piñanona, Monstera deliciosa

alt Piper auritum, hoja santa

alt Piper species as potentially medicinal (or toxic needing their own medicine!)

alt Platanillo, Asclepias curassavica

alt Pochote, Ceiba aesculifolia

alt Poro-poro, Cochlospermum vitifolium

alt Prickly vaca, Lacmellea standleyi, lechemiel, milk tree, vaca tree

alt Pterocarpus officinalis, Sangre de Drago

alt Pucté, Bucida buceras

alt Punica granatum, Granada

 
 

 

 
 

alt Revienta caballos, Solanum sisymbriifolium

alt Rhizophora mangle, mangrove, Tabasco, mangle rojo

alt Río Dulce,Lago de izabal

alt Rio Sarstun, Lagunita Creek, Tapon Creek

alt Roble, Maculís, Matilisguate, Palo de rosa, Tabebuia rosea

alt Rubber tree, Castilla elastica, hule, latex

 

 
 

alt Sabal sp., Bactris sp., Palms of Mesoamerica

alt Sangre de Drago, Pterocarpus officinalis

alt Saramuyo, Sugar apple, Anón, anona, Annona squamosal, Chirimoya

alt Sterculia apetala, Castaño

alt Sechium edule, Güisquil

alt Silk cotton tree, Ceiba pentandra

alt Silk tree,, Cochlospermum vitifolium

alt Sincuya, Annona purpurea

alt Snakebark, Costex, Coxte, Greenheart, Guayabillo, Mabí

alt Snakewort, Contrahierba, Dorstenia contrajerva

alt Sobralia, Sobralia xantholeuca

alt Solandra maxima, cup of gold, flowering at night

alt Soursop,Annona muricata

alt Sticky nightshade, Solanum sisymbriifolium

altStrangler fig

alt Subin, Acacia farnesiana

alt Sufricay, suprecayo, Lemoy, Malmea depressa, yaya

 
 

alt Tabasco, Rhizophora mangle, mangrove, mangle rojo

alt Tagetes erecta, Flor de Muerto

alt Tagetes sp., Marigold

altTalisia floresii, Toloc, Coloc, Guaya campechiana

alt Foods of the Maya, fruits, Talisia floresiii family Sapindaceae, local name is Coloc

alt Talisia olivaeformis, Cotoperis, Cotopriz, Guayo, Guaya, Melicoccus oliviformis, Talpajocote, Uruguaye

alt Talpajocote, Cotoperis, Cotopriz, Guayo, Guaya, Melicoccus oliviformis, Talisia olivaeformis, Uruguaye

alt Talauma, a variant of Magnolia

alt Tapon Creek, Rio Sarstun, Lagunita Creek

alt Tecolotillo, Aristolochia

alt Tecomasuche flower, Cochlospermum vitifolium

alt Tecomasuche, Cochlospermum vitifolium bibliography

alt Tepejilote jade, Camedor, Chamaedorea spp., Cola de pescado, Palmilla, Xate

alt Terrestrial shade orchids from Guatemala

alt Terrestrial sunny orchids from Guatemala

alt Theobroma angustifolium, cacao silvestre, cacao de montaña, cacao de mono, and potentially cacao de mico

alt Theobroma bicolor, pataxte

alt Tinto, palo de tinto; palo de Campeche, Haematoxylum campechianum

alt Tobacco-related, leaves can wrap cigarettes, Guava, Guayaba, Psidium guajava

alt Totumo, Crescentia cujete

alt Turk’s cap, Chupetio, Falso hibisco, Malvaviscus arboreus

alt Tutía, Solanum sisymbriifolium

 
 

alt Uruguaye, Cotoperis, Cotopriz, Guayo, Guaya, Melicoccus oliviformis, Talpajocote, Talisia olivaeformis

alt Usnea sp., Lichen moss, Líquen de barba, Oak lichen

alt Uva, Bee rut, Cissus gossypiifolia

altUva silvestre, Coccoloba belizensis Standl.

 

 
 

alt Vaca tree, Lacmellea standleyi, lechemiel, milk tree, Prickly vaca

alt Vanilla

alt Virola and nutmeg

 
 

alt Wigandia caracasana, Wigandia urens, Caracus wigandia, Ortiga de tierra caliente

alt Ortiga de tierra caliente, Caracus wigandia, Wigandia caracasana, Wigandia urens

alt Window leaf, Monstera deliciosa

 

 
 

alt Xanthosoma robustum, Hoja Elegante, Capote de monte, Marac

alt Xate, Camedor, Chamaedorea spp., Cola de pescado, Palmilla, Tepejilote jade

 

 
 

alt Yaya, Lemoy, Malmea depressa, Sufricay, suprecayo

 

 
 

alt Zapote amarillo, Bakelac, Hueso de Tortuga, Ixbakelac, Laetia thamnia

alt Zapoton, Pachira aquatica

alt Zygia genus

 
 

Parque Nacional Yaxha, Nakum and Naranjo

Smartphone Camera Reviews

Fungi and Lichens

Botanical Terms

Consulting cacao & Theobroma species

Tobacco Ingredients of Aztec & Maya

Bombacaceae, Bombacoideae

Plants and trees used to produce incense

Camera Reviews for Photographing Flowers and Plants

Flowers native to Guatemala visible now around the world

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SUBJECTS TO BE COVERED DURING NEXT 6 MONTHS

Fruits (typical misnomer mishmash of Spanish language)

Fruits (vines or cacti)

Flowers, sacred

Plants or trees that are used to produce incense

Pachira aquatica, zapoton, zapote bobo, crucial sacred flower for Maya archaeologists and iconographers
Read article on Achiote, Bixa orellana, annatto, natural plant dye for coloring (and flavoring) food (especially cacao drink) in Guatemala and Mexico.
Read article on Cuajilote or Caiba: Parmentiera aculeata, a forgotten fruit.
Read article on Split leaf philodendron, Monstera deliciosa.

4x4 Pickup Truck Reviews, Evaluations and Suggestions

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